“On Being Sane in Insane Places” Essay

It was very interesting to read about Rosenhan’s study and how psychiatrists, who go through big coursework and training, could wrongly classify a patient. It surprised me how some psychiatrists couldn’t say they don’t know what’s wrong with patients instead they could possibly diagnose someone as insane. Though reading this chapter I found the strange things from Rosenhan’s study that was hard to believe. Slater states, â€Å"The strange thing was, the other patients seemed to know Rosenhan was normal, even while the doctors did not.† (69). I believe patients can know that better than doctors because they are in that situation already and some doctors don’t analyze their patients carefully to know what’s actually happening with them. For example, if someone studies about one culture doesn’t mean that person knows way better that person who actually lives with that culture. Both chapters I found interesting because it relates to my life very well. I found out Elliot Aronson, Darley and Latane all kind of try to show that people needs to find reason for their actions. I believe each person as a human have to help everyone no matter what. Darley and Latane’s mention is about how to help someone in an emergency that relates with Catherine Genovse murder. Slater says, â€Å"You must interpret the event as one in which help is needed† (95). We read about Catherine’s murder and saw that after she had asked for help, someone yelled, leave that girl alone, instead of helping, and the only thing that happened was that the killer ran away (95). I agree with Darley and Latane’s that we need to know which help is needed and what help is not. The person may have helped with getting the killer away, but Catherine needed the help the most, so she wouldn’t die. I been in so many situations that someone needed my help and I helped as much as I could, but knowing what helped was needed help me a lot. Leon Festinger talked about how people really pay attention to what is going on in their life and around them. I think some people just pay attention to what they want. Its true most of the people like to listen to people who agree with them and ignore who doesn’t. The chapter also discussed how people can believe in something they can’t prove such as God working through  a person. I think even for believing a god it has many prove to make a person to believe it. I believe for believing on something need to have something as prove. This section is a really great one however I didn’t prefer how the experiments were described. I additionally didn’t’ prefer the experiments and there result. Harlow was a fascinating man and I preferred how the author discusses the experimenter and how they grew up on the grounds that it permits me to understand their conclusions about their examinations and why they are imperative to them. I thought it was interesting that the monkeys adored the cover yet when they were displayed a face they might be scared and yell or cry about it. What I establish fascinating was that when they were babies they existed like a typical life however when they got older they went insane. A percentage of the monkeys were introducing a mental imbalance, gnawing them, and one of the monkeys bit off his hands. This discovering was entertaining since Harlow was supporting the surrogate moms and this wound up going terrible for him. I wish the author might stick more to the investigations and less to her editorializing. I can’t agree with what Zola-Morgan does say â€Å"our human lives are intrinsically more valuable; monkey studies yield information that helps those lives† (153). Of course humans are more valuable than the monkeys, but still monkeys are animals and I think it’s so cruel to hurts them only because to do the experiment. If that kind of research saved the life of loved then I will be okay with that. I still feel awful with doing that type of experiment on poor animals that didn’t do nothing wrong.   This is another important finding because it just shows that psychiatrists may not have any idea about what they are doing, but no one questions them because of their authority. Of course after whom goes through big coursework and training, don’t expect someone to tell them they are wrong but from Rosenhan’s study they may be wrong too.

If I Were a ….

Throughout life a person experiences many obstacles, challenges, and hardships; sometime we face them alone, afraid, and at times confused. However, there always seems to be one individual that we seek for guidance, for inspiration, or to simply to save us from our troubles. To some they are know as heroes, but to me they are known as my mom and dad, they were always by my side in any situation I was in and they always kept their best interest at heart.No matter where I was in school, my parent's were always behind me. Most noticeably in my high school career; my mother and father always push me to my limits to achieve better, but that's Just the surface they always had time to listen to my problems no matter how minuet or massive these situations where. My dad always shared a time in his past where he surpassed a scene similar to mine; my mother with endless wisdom, giving me advice and a similar story to enlighten my path.Their stories no matter how sad or happy always inspires me to become more and take this opportunity in this in to study and make something of my life. These heroes of mine may not be the fairest or the coolest, but they are to me; they were always try to protect me no matter what. And my parent's always help me in my time of needed even when they have things to do themselves. When most people think of a hero they think of their favorite actor or athlete. Some think of relatives or friends, and I cannot think of one person.It seems that in my life, every person I have come in contact with has left an impression on me. My family, my teachers or that random stranger that smiles at me as I walk down the street, they all leave an impact. To most people, a hero is someone who leaves an impact on them. Wicked it be safe to say that everyone is a hero to me? My parent's are my hero's, they taught me everything and raised me to be the person I am today. When one thinks of heroes, names such as Ghanaian, Martin Luther King, and Mother Theresa often c ome to mind.These people had done a lot of favors, courage, helps, ND more of things for the people who needed them. They have change the world. But, heroes can be in anyway, even in each of individuals in the world. I have the persons who I think is the best hero in my mind. They are my parent's. My parent's are brave; they will do anything for my happiness. Not only mine, but also their friends, and families. My father has many friends, and he always helps them whenever they need them most. Without my parent's, I probably will not survive If I Were a †¦. By nonlinearly

Weekly journal week4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Weekly journal week4 - Essay Example This gave me a lot of freedom to be myself and also paved the way for me to work independently and under very little supervision. Generally, the day was very successful as I was able to communicate well with the customers on issues that the management wanted given to them. DESCRIPTIVE: On the second day, I was made to work with the customers yet again as I was assigned the role of customer relations strategist. What this role meant was that I was supposed to suggest practical ways in which the company could increase its customer base. REFLECTIVE: A unique feature of the day’s role was that I was given the freedom to come out with my own strategy on finding out what the customers expected from the company and how this could be achieved to ensure that we built faith with the customers and in turn enhanced our services to them. This was a challenging task but having worked as a PR for the company, I was offered the opportunity to identify a lot of these ways by which we could win the hearts of customers. In confirming my ideas, I designed a simple questionnaire, which I gave out to customers who visited the company premises. They indicated their desired service treat and these were coded and forwarded to the administration. DESCRIPTIVE: The third day saw a repeat of what was started on the second day. This means that I was made to act as a customer relations strategists again. What I did differently from the previous day was basically to collect feedback from the questionnaire that was instituted the day before. REFLECTIVE: This day did not start as challenging as the previous day because I had held the same position before. New customers were given new questionnaire as old one’s were forwarded to the management. There was a brief meeting with the management to discuss ways of implementing the suggestions. The finance and budget officer was in the meeting to budget for

Successful Investment Stocks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Successful Investment Stocks - Assignment Example There is no comparative comparison of returns between stocks and bonds as returns from stocks outperform those of bonds with significant percentages. This has been proven from studies conducted over a long period of time (Sorkhou 53). Purchasing stocks in a public company give an investor the opportunity to possess fractional ownership of the company. In essence, the investor has the opportunity to share in the success of the company through the share portion held in the company. An increase in the share prices of the company has a positive correlation to the value of the shares held in that particular company as they increase in value. If an investor chooses to sell shares thus held in such a company, the profits accrued will be higher than the purchase price of the shares. Moreover, the dividend payment is an advantage of holding shares in a public company. Although not all companies pay dividends to their shareholders, those that may create more income opportunities for their investors. Additionally, the stocks keep increasing in value, giving the investor a double advantage. Stocks give investors the advantage of diversification, which enables them to spread their risk, and therefore they do not have to put all their investments on the success of a single investment. While considering investing in stocks, laypeople are advised to do so with a highly diversified index fund. The various benefits accrued from a highly diversified index fund make the arrangement more appealing to individual people than going it alone. An index fund gives the group the ability to hire professional investment managers who theoretically offer them with information on the best investment options available. Additionally, there are benefits of economies of scale through cost-sharing among a group of investors.  Ã‚  

Methods of Birth Assessments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Methods of Birth Assessments - Essay Example This approach is perceived applicable for a peaceful, â€Å"calm, and comfortable birthing† – relying on the normal physiological and biological interaction between the mother and child in the womb, without regard to the potential complication that are accounted by modern medical science on birthing (MedlinePlus, 2013a). Such happens when a woman is undergoing a â€Å"preterm labor, when the child inside the womb is tied its own umbilical cord, when child is situated abnormally, and whenever there is evidence of birth injuries (MedlinePlus, 2013a, p. 1).† Caesarean intersection is a surgical operation that is only undertaken when child delivery pose serious risks to both the mother and child; the only effective and efficient method, as remedy thereof , is only through surgical operation (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013). Some women however, who have less tolerance on pain associated to vaginal delivery, will prefer a painless caesarean section delivery for less di fficulty (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013). ... Although this is costly, experts contended , including the World Health Organization (WHO), that it’s the best method to prevent further complication and it help reduce mortality rate of women and children (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013). This is to acknowledge the fact that many women nowadays have some medical causes to undertake this method and there are evidences that require the need to uphold this process of child delivery (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013). Normally, an expectant mother would undergo labor and contractions when it is the time of the child to be given birth (MedlinePlus, 2013b).The process will demonstrate the natural dilation of the cervix and effacement of the uterus (MedlinePlus, 2013b). A number of women can undertake normal vaginal delivery while others require surgical caesarean intersection for the child to be delivered (MedlinePlus, 2013b). The latter require gynaecological expertise that is only available in maternity hospitals and in birthing cl inic (MedlinePlus, 2013b). This is otherwise called medical child birth method of delivery. Modern times have likewise recognized that the present lifestyle associated to childbearing and multiple births have consequentially developed such â€Å"medical circumstance that requires this medical and practical standard (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013).† In the case of first expectant mother, caesarean operation becomes likely specially of they the cervix cannot attain full dilation that would affect the child’s fetal condition or would cause its distress, thus, mandate the need for such medical intervention (ChildbirthConnection.org, 2013). Mothers however are advised to try the normal process of vaginal delivery before opting for caesarean section operation that will cost them more

International Business Enviornment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Business Enviornment - Essay Example (A) Analysis of National Business System and Cultural Conditions National Business System In this report, the developing nation that has been considered is India that has shown greater potential in the recent years and has been a potential market for many Multinational Corporations (NCAER, 2005). The Indian national business system is a diversified business model that has different aspects of operations. There are urban, rural, metropolitan markets and each of them differs in area with different business system of model. The national business system of India is different from other nations. In India the concept of family is highly valued within the organisations. A significant number of the organisations are owned and managed by the family members. The sense of corporate culture is present in current Indian organisations. But in the UK the business units are fully owned and managed by different personnel i.e. professionals. ... The best suited example is the Wal-Mart of the USA and Bharti Group of India in the retail sector (Bose & Et. Al., 2009). For the business development in the Indian market there are two organisations that operate. The CII (Confederation of Indian Industry) and FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry) operate for the enhancement of Indian organisations and for foreign investments to be attractive in the Indian market in different sectors (Sinha, 2005). Many of the world’s renowned retailers such as Tesco, Wal-Mart and Carrefour are at present provided significant amount of importance to the Indian retail sector. Carrefour in recent times has entered into the booming retail market of India. With a populace of more than a billion people and escalating middle class, India provides ample promises in the retail sector. But the Indian market is unique with different aspects that make the market challenging for the foreign players (Padmanabhan, 2010). Cultural Co ndition India has a diverse culture. Business people in India have grown accustomed to the western method of education. The business language that is primarily used in India is English, and the nation also has a similar business and legal framework to that of the UK. In India, boom in the consumer product exports are frequently modern, innovative and lower-priced adapted version of the UK. Any marketing promotion, advertisement or other promotion should be personalised and adopted to take into account the Indian culture (Medicon Valley, 2007). In business organisations of India the participation of women is comparatively lower as compared to the UK. Companies of the UK should focus on this factor before deciding to appoint

Allergen cleaning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Allergen cleaning - Assignment Example Much emphasis is kept on sanitizing surfaces in contact with food because undeclared allergens pose a risk to people’s lives. However, it is essential to understand that this method does not remove residues containing allergen proteins. In product purge, the product is passed through a series of processes to remove the residue left in the prior production. This is the best method used to clean enclosed surfaces and areas that are not easily accessible. Wet cleaning is the most efficient method of eliminating allergenic residues in food processing equipment. However, there are situations where water is incapable of cleaning. In such occasions, the best methods involve dry cleaning. b. Summarize the creation of an allergen cleaning SOP including validation (include an explanation of validation vs. verification).   Choose a specific allergen and cite its critical limit to determine "absence".   What type of sampling and assay would you use for validation of this protocol? In order to create a good allergen cleaning SOP, it is necessary to carry out risk assessment tests to establish the best management measures. It is crucial to create an allergen process flow table or a map. This will enable the facilitator understand where the foods and allergenic ingredients exist in the factory and where they ought to be introduced in the cleaning process. It is also essential to create an Allergen Control Plan to each processing facility. Lastly, it is crucial to review and update if necessary the Allergen Control Plan on a regular basis especially when new processes, protocols or ingredients are changed. Depending on the risk being assessed, effective cleaning and sanitizing measures for validation and verification of the equipment and areas in contact with the allergen should be implemented effectively. The main aim of validation is to ensure that the cleaning process used is capable of removing the concerned allergen. Immunological screening methods are

Salt-water Invasion in Coastal Wells Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Salt-water Invasion in Coastal Wells - Essay Example This paper declares that  most importantly, they require a reliable source of freshwater for drinking and for other related purposes. Therefore, it is of great importance that the government and other stakeholders prevent saltwater invasion into the coastal wells by ensuring supportive maintenance of ground water supply.This study outlines that ground water supply amounts to one-third of the water supply within the great coastal areas of Los Angeles. Surprisingly, saltwater is continuously penetrating into some parts of the supply hence a significant part of the remainder is at risk. Relatively, the U.S. Geological scientists are working in conjunction with other local water agencies with view of establishing the main connection between coastal aquifers and the offshore geology in order to understand better saltwater intrusion processes and pathways. Finally, saltwater intrusion into coastal wells is proving to be a serious menace since without treatment, the contaminated water doe s not conform to either drinking water or agricultural standards. Nevertheless, the U.S. government is seeking to contain this disaster by carrying out intensive research. U.S Geological scientists are collaborating with Long Beach Harbors in data collection using reflection seismology acoustic technique. This collected data will help experts understand the mechanism surrounding the saltwater intrusion into coastal wells that will in turn provide the relevant measures required in order to stop the intrusion permanently.

COMPANY LAW 402 ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

COMPANY LAW 402 - Assignment Example We instituted legal research into this matter with a view of determining the suitability and legality of starting a Picture Framing business in Australia. We believe this goes towards the very crux of your matter. Further, we would like to state that our services can only be of a legal nature on this matter. It is your duty to seek out qualified professionals who will assess the proposed business venture while looking at its location and profitability in order to determine whether it will be a going concern. Due Diligence It would be remise of our duty as consultants if we did not advice you that it is your duty look into the financial and commercial aspects of this business venture. This is because a business wherever it is instituted needs to have a strong financial basis that will see its survival and development. This should be done so as to avoid a situation where you have overlooked the financial aspects of this venture. That would be catastrophic. You should undertake this res earch through professional help. Ownership Before starting on any business, you need to determine whether or not the company structure is right for the particular company, decide what name the company is to assume, its mode of operation, the legal obligations that are assumed by the company, getting the requisite consents and finally registering the company (Commission). As discussed with you a summary of the proposed corporate structure has been prepared. It should be reviewed carefully and approved by your accountant. Australian Law provides for the structuring of any business in four ways. 1. Sole trader: an individual trading on their own 2. Partnership: an association of people or entities carrying on a business together, but not as a company 3. Trust: an entity that holds property or income for the benefit of others 4. Company: a legal entity separate from its shareholders. Sole Trader Looking at the business of a sole trader, one realizes that the same is entered into by one owner. This owner gets the benefit of directly transacting with his clientele thereby creating a trust as between the business and the clientele. The tax obligations related to this business are subject to the personal rates of the business (Government). The only major disadvantage of this enterprise is that the owner is personally liable for the business liabilities of the company. This opens up the owner to lawsuits that are consequent from the company as the company is not a separate legal entity. A sole trader cannot also share the burden of management and costs with any other person (Lawyers). In relation to the Picture Framing business, you both want to be co-owners of the enterprise. This in effect renders this business structure nugatory as far as your proposed enterprise is concerned. Trust The other business enterprise that is provided for in Australia is in the nature of a Trust. A Trust is defined to be a business where the trustee conducts business for the benefit of ce rtain beneficiaries. This in effect means that at all times the trustee can only conduct business that is in the interest of the beneficiaries. The advantages of Trusts are that it minimizes the tax that is levied on the business as the income from the business can be directed at the beneficiary with the lowest income thereby

Operation of Assemblers Essay Example for Free

Operation of Assemblers Essay A program written in assembly language is much more readable and understandable than its equivalent in machine code; an assembler is a program which translates assembly language into machine code. The assembler accepts an assembly language program as data, converts mnemonic operation codes (op-codes) to their numeric equivalents, assigns symbolic addresses to memory locations and produces as output the required machine code program. Assembly language is the source program and when translated into machine code it is know as object program. The following programs are written for the BEP/16 programming environment to achieve the following arithmetic operations: a) a + b SWI getInt ; Operating ; system call to ; get a 16 bit ; integer from ; the keyboard. ; Value returned ; in R0 MOV R1, R0 ; Store the first ; value in R1 SWI getInt ; Get second value MOV R2, R0 ; Store in register ; R2 MOV R3, R1 ; R3 = a ADD R3, R2 ; R3 = a+b MOV R4, R1 ; R4 = a MOV R0, R3 ; Copy amswer to R0 SWI putInt ; Operating system ; call to display the ; 16-bit integer in ; R0 HLT ; Terminate program. b) a b SWI getInt ; Operating ; system call to ; get a 16 bit ; integer from ; the keyboard. ; Value returned ; in R0 MOV R1, R0 ; Store the first ; value in R1 SWI getInt ; Get second value MOV R2, R0 ; Store in register ; R2 MOV R3, R1 ; R3 = a SUB R3, R2 ; R3 = a-b MOV R4, R1 ; R4 = a MOV R0, R3 ; Copy amswer to R0 SWI putInt ; Operating system ; call to display the ; 16-bit integer in ; R0 HLT ; Terminate program. c) a x b SWI getInt ; Operating ; system call to ; get a 16 bit ; integer from ; the keyboard. ; Value returned ; in R0 MOV R1, R0 ; Store the first ; value in R1 SWI getInt ; Get second value MOV R2, R0 ; Store in register ; R2 MOV R3, R1 ; R3 = a MUL R3, R2 ; R3 = a x b MOV R4, R1 ; R4 = a MOV R0, R3 ; Copy amswer to R0 SWI putInt ; Operating system ; call to display the ; 16-bit integer in ; R0 HLT ; Terminate program. d) a + b SWI getInt ; Operating ; system call to ; get a 16 bit ; integer from ; the keyboard. ; Value returned ; in R0 MOV R1, R0 ; Store the first ; value in R1 SWI getInt ; Get second value MOV R2, R0 ; Store in register ; R2 MOV R3, R1 ; R3 = a SUB R3, R2 ; R3 = a b MOV R4, R1 ; R4 = a ADD R4, R2 ; R4 = a + b MOV R0, R3 ; Copy amswer to R0 SWI putInt ; Operating system ; call to display the ; 16-bit integer in ; R0 HLT ; Terminate program. e) a + b SWI getInt ; Operating ; system call to ; get a 16 bit ; integer from ; the keyboard. ; Value returned ; in R0 MOV R1, R0 ; Store the first ; value in R1 SWI getInt ; Get second value MOV R2, R0 ; Store in register ; R2 MOV R3, R1 ; R3 = a ADD R3, R2 ; R3 = a + b MOV R4, R1 ; R4 = a SUB R4, R2 ; R4 = a b MOV R0, R3 ; Copy amswer to R0 SWI putInt ; Operating system ; call to display the ; 16-bit integer in ; R0 HLT ; Terminate program.

Experiences in real working environment

Experiences in real working environment Introduction One of the requirement parts of the course WORK-N352 at Sharjah Womens College, of work experience subject, which is under the supervision of Mr. Abbot Jason Haroon. This course provide us to experience work in real working environment which will give students the opportunity to develop good working experience, habits and practices that has been observed in real working environment which will enable students to transfer vocational skills that learnt at the college to the work placement. The report features altogether are in five major sections. Section one is about information about the Sharjah Economic Development Department. Section two is about work details. Section three is about success of the work experience. Section four is about areas for improvement and section five which is the conclusion. Finally, Most of the information in the report was from my own experience at Sharjah Economic Development Department and some particulars from SEDD website and interviewing employees as well. The course provides work experience in a real working environment. It will provide the student the opportunity to develop good work ethics, habits and practices observed in real work situations and will enable the student to transfer vocational skills learned at the college to the workplace. Information about the company Sharjah Economic Development Department is located in Sharjah in Al-Layya Area this is the head office and also it has four other branches in Al-Dhaid, Kalba, Khorfakkan and Dibba Al-Hisn. And all of them are located in Sharjah, but these branches have only one department which is registration and license department. Sharjah Economic Development Department is under Sharjah Government which means it is a public sector. The Department has about 600 employees and this number is increasing almost every day because new employees are being hired in the department. The department has twelve Directors and deputy directors, Ali Bin Salem Almahmoud is the General Director, Khaliid Saif Ibraheem is the Director of Registration and licensing Department also Fahad Ahmad Alkhhamiri is the sub-director for this department, Nawal Askar is Director of Economic and Public Relations Department and there is a Deputy Director as well. Amna Alhamady is the Deputy Director of Finance and Administration Department. Also, there is a Managing Director, Commercial Control and Protection Director, Legal Affairs Director, Information Technology Director, Client Service Director and Deputy Quality Control Director. (See Appendix 1) There are thirteen departments in SEDD, There are four main departments in SEDD which are License and Registration Department, Commercial Control and Protection Department, Economic Relation and Public Relations Department and Finance and Administrative Affairs Department. And the other nine departments are chairman office, consultants, internal censorship section, legal affairs section, quality and control section, committees specialists, executive secretarial, IT section and planning and statistics section. (See Appendix 1) The Department provides three major services which are Licensing Services which is for renewing and issuing license, Commercial Permits which is for sales and clearance, promotional campaigns, and advertising signs and Inspection Services and Business Control which is for irregularities inquiry, fee payment for irregularities and Scheduling appointments for Technical evaluation and Business Control which is for Irregularities Inquiryand Scheduling appointments for Technical evaluation Work details Sales and Promotion Section I spent my whole work placement period at sales and promotion section. This section gives sales permits for shops who want to make sales in a specific period, clearance permits, Promotional Campaign Permits which is granted in such cases such as special offers, testing campaigns, free disrupting and product promotion, Promotional Advertising Permits like flyers, brochures, cloth signs and multimedia CDs and Exhibition Permit for commercial purposes. My daily work was to check the newspapers for shops and companies that have published advertisement in daily newspapers so that we can check if they have already taken permission for publishing this advertising and if they have permission for making sales or offers if the advertisement was including them. Also, I contacted many shops and companies if they have not come and collect the spring festival posters or if they have raffles and chose the winner, they have to bring the original coupons and the winners ID or to pay out the amount of the prizes that the winners didnt collect them within 60 days period to the sales and promotion section. I used the system which records all information about all the shops that are in Sharjah and it shows each shop sales dates, clearance dates and Irregularities dates to record any new sale, clearance and Irregularities. During my work placement I used many skills for my job, I even used some skills that I never thought I will use them. I used some basic skills such as learning, listening, reading, speaking and writing skills almost every day. Beside of that I used monitoring skills to assess my performance to make any improvements in myself and take the correct action. I used social skills such as instructing to help the new customers to bring the right documents and why they are needed and I used negotiation and persuasion skills to make some customers change their minds that if they made sales during Sharjah spring festival it will be cheaper for them if they made it after the festival. I used to report to Miss Mona Qambar and Mrs. Mariam Saif, both them are service coordinators at Sales and Promotion section. But unfortunately Miss Mona has been shifted to another department by week 5. I didnt get any on-the-job training because im only a temporary trainee in SEDD so they just showed me how the daily and the monthly reports are done and what they do everyday. Arabic was the main language but English was used too but not as much as Arabic. English was used only with foreign customers while Arabic was used also between customers and between employees. In addition, all the reports and letters were written in Arabic I used many types of equipment at my work such as the telephone to communicate with the shops that didnt bring the original coupons for checking or to pay money for the prizes that has not been received by the winners. The printer was used to print reports and letters and fax as well. Also I used the computer to record information about shops. Beside of using the computer I used Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Microsoft Outlook. The word was used to write the monthly report. Whereas the excel was used to write the daily report and to calculate the amount collected for the day and PowerPoint to record the companies names, location and offers for the Sharjah Spring Festival and used to create the organizational chart for the Economic Relation and Public Relations Department and Microsoft Outlook was used to send and receive emails among employees. I have faced some problems in my work experience. One of the problems I had, when Mrs. Mariam was absent I was in here place and an angry customer came in because she gave him a notice because they published sales advertisement in the newspaper without getting a permit for that. I looked back in the files of shops that have been given notes and took out the one for his shop. When I looked back on the reason of the note that his shop was given, it appeared that they are making sales all around Emirates but the sales was only in Dubai, so he was supposed to write down in the advertisement that the sales are only in Dubai. He still was angry and he didnt believe. I went back to the brochure of Sales and Promotion section and showed him the conditions of making sales which says that he must specify where the sales is happening and in which branches and Emirates. He just turned red and apologized. As I am a fan of shopping, it is important for me to know when the sales days for my favourite shops are going to start. Besides I liked my colleagues and it was nice to work with them because they are always there to help each other if any of them is in a problem, I really felt that they were my family. Also, the daily work wasnt so hard and it was easy to understand. But there are things I hated in my work that sometimes I spent days without doing anything at all which was extremely boring and the employees also dont have any work at all that they get so bored. I asked them many times to transfer me to any section that might needs extra help but unfortunately no one want any help because they have enough trainees. successes of the work experience My manager and the other employees that I worked with treated me as I am one of them. They showed me how the work is done and watches me while im doing it until they make sure I can do it by my own. Briefly, they were so helpful and love to make others learn. the manager or whoever showed u how the work is done,, they treat me like am one of the real emplyees not a trainer I believe I was good and did well at calculations and report typing and being accurate in recording information in the system because my supervisor said to me usually we dont allow any trainees to use our system in recording any information because everything inside the system should be accurate and without any mistakes. There are some skills I gained from the college. One of these skills is taking the initiative. For example, when I completed my third week, I knew my daily job very well without going to the supervisor to tell me what im supposed to do and after I finish she give extra work if there is some work or she give me a one hour break to rest. Briefly, I was Self-starting rather than passively accepting the work. Taking the Initiative- I remember doing only what I needed to do to get by when I was in college. It was easy doing only what my professors required of me, and often, most students never learned to think for themselves. My boss now expects me to come up with ideas and unique solutions to problems, not just meeting the minimum standard. Strategic Planning- Though I learned study skills in college, I never had a clear plan or strategy for what I was doing or where I was going, other than completing my courses. In the business world, every outcome is measured, every result analyzed. I have learned to formulate strategic plans to accomplish my objectives so that I am more focused and productive. I have learnt a lot from the work experience I have attended over the last 8 weeks. I learnt the speed of the procedure while maintaining the accuracy, Building a database of personal customers especially next to the public database and Completion of a days work at the same time and not to give an opportunity for the accumulation of deferred work. Beside of the previous skills I gained new skills. Sometimes angry customers with no knowledge of Arabic or English come to me to finish their work but some time misunderstanding happens so what I learnt is to maintain calm to deal with others. areas for improvment Almost every two weeks, the Head Sales and Promotion Mr. Mohammed Bin Fares sets a meeting around 1:00 pm to discuss with the staff any problem that they have faced during these two weeks and they have to add recommendations at the end of the meeting. What the manager did that he announced about the meeting without telling me to join them, I was really sad because I really wanted to give them some ideas that might be useful for them. While I am there, I saw Miss Mona and Mr. Abdul-Aziz register the shops when they come to make sales or want to advertise. I told Miss Mona to let me do it for one day and it was difficult. For example, if any shop wanted to hang pictures on their windows as advertisement, I have to know how many windows and doors in this shop by meters and according that I have to calculate how much they have to pay for this advertisement which is I didnt get it until now. In my college Ive learnt how to be responsible and how to be in charge of many tasks. Also, Ive learnt how to manage my time between my personal time and my working time and do all what my the tasks that are given to me on me and submit them neatly. Ive learned in the university the responsibility and how to be in charge of many tasks. also ive learned how to manage my time and do all what given to me on time neatly I believe that the college didnt prepare us well for this work experience, well it might be but I think for the private sector not the public sector, because at the work experience I faced some difficulty at the beginning in writing Arabic reports and letters which I believe is extremely different than writing them in English and much harder. Now I know how to write Arabic reports and letters but I dont think as professional and neatly as the English. If I was an employee in Sharjah Economic Development I would participate more in sessions that are held by the department itself to improve myself. For example, there are sessions for communications, how to deal with customers and sessions of how to answer the phone. I believe these sessions are made for the fresh graduates and for new employees with no degree so they can learn what they might not learnt before. conclusion I would recommend this work experience for students and at the same time I wouldnt recommend it. I recommend it for students who would like to work in public sector, where they can see how the working environment there and prefer less working hours. While I dont recommend it for students who would like to work for public sector, because in public sector Arabic is wildly used which I think it would affect what they have studied at college and it will be difficult for them at the beginning. Another thing which I think it is most important, in public sector, employees dont ever work regarding their degree which I think it is a waste for all the years that they have studied. For example, in my working experience I wanted some accounting work and they said that the section is full, and then the lady there told me do you think tomorrow if you applied here you will work as an accountant? She said in our department most of the employees here got high degrees but they are working in different jobs than what they have studied. In the future I would like to work in this department or a similar department because im welling to work in any public sector as it has many advantages such as accommodating high market fluctuations and favourable work environment. In addition, the working hours in public sectors are very flexible which is very important to me as Im a mother, besides of that most of the public departments are near to my home so Im taking advantage of that. The work placement gave me a chance to apply some of my studies in the field. In addition, I experienced the real deal in applying my knowledge in work placement and how the real job is done also use my knowledge in solving some workplace problems using team techniques I studied. I strongly want to work in public sector and Im planning to work in any public sector. Briefly, in the future I want to be in a position where I can use my skills I have learnt and challenge my colleagues. I strongly want to work in public sector and im planning to work in any public sector. Briefly. in the future i want to be in a position were i can use my skills i learned and challange my colleges i;ve learned alot in this experince placement and ive experinced how the real job is don, and in the future i want to be in a position were i can use my skills i learned and challange my colleges It may mark a turning point or change to your way of thinking or acting in a particular way. http://images.google.ae/imgres?imgurl=http://www.iktissad.com/files/media/parties/sedd-logo.jpgimgrefurl=http://www.iktissad.com/events/AIEZC/1usg=__hTcBQPUcOE_U1hvq9PUOnugZHoE=h=100w=119sz=5hl=arstart=9um=1itbs=1tbnid=GUKlK2v4gXVX5M:tbnh=74tbnw=88prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsharjah%2Beconomic%2Bdevelopment%2Blogo%26hl%3Dar%26rlz%3D1C1DVCA_enAE325AE336%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1 http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/domino/dom7.htm http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/kettleby/ket7.htm

Betrayed by Constanin Costa-Gavras :: Movie, Film

The opening lyrics to America the Beautiful, ï ¿ ½O beautiful for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain,ï ¿ ½ demonstrate how agriculture and wheat farming have been ingrained, to almost mythical proportions, as quintessentially ï ¿ ½Americanï ¿ ½ amongst citizens in the United States. As the Great Plains of the Midwest helped establish the U.S. as a major economic superpower throughout the twentieth century, the nation grew by distributing vast amounts of grain across the globe, providing those farming in the region both a secure and profitable existence. But with the proliferation of farming technologies enabling foreign nations to establish a foothold in a new global economy, the U.S. and its farmers faced increased competition, and their stranglehold on grain exportation waned. ï ¿ ½You just canï ¿ ½t make a living growing wheat anymore,ï ¿ ½ says Greg Grenz, a farmer in Eureka South Dakota, as many ï ¿ ½U.S. farmers are increasingly under pressure as Americaï ¿ ½s ru n as a wheat powerhouse, and the dominant player in global agriculture, is under attack from a crop of newly emboldened, low-cost international rivals who are striking at one of the main pillars of American economic might: food exportsï ¿ ½ (Roger Thurow, 2004). Security and prosperity it seems are dwindling in the nationï ¿ ½s fertile plains. In most cases, with little recourse available, todayï ¿ ½s farmers are faced with a frightening decision: change their farming practices, via planting new crops or utilizing new techniques, or quit farming outright, forfeiting lands that may have been in families for generations and, more importantly, losing an identity that many consider to be most ï ¿ ½American.ï ¿ ½ ï ¿ ½Constanin Costa-Gavras, in his film Betrayed (1988), uses this framework of economic hardships caused by a declining farming industry to present his audience with some farmers who have decided on another option, lashing out violently at people who they believe are responsible for their plight. The film about ï ¿ ½star-crossed love [and] death and danger in white-picket-fence Americaï ¿ ½ (Kemply, 1988), involves a fictional community that employs white supremacist ideology to spread hate and intolerance as they blame Jews, non-whites, and the government for the economic conditions which they endure. The film also demonstrates the early use of the computer to branch out and connect these hate mongers, forecasting the use and proliferation of the internet to recruit new white supremacists around the country. As Randy Blazack, sociologist from Portland State University, elaborates in American Skinheads (2007), ï ¿ ½whether youï ¿ ½re recruiting people to be suicide bombers or recruiting foot soldiers in the racial holy war, youï ¿ ½re going after the same set of people, youï ¿ ½re going after people who feel like theyï ¿ ½re at the end of their rope, and the only recourse left is one of violenceï ¿ ½ (Geographic, 2007).

Wire Pirates :: essays research papers

Wire Pirates Someday the Internet may become an information superhighway, but right now it is more like a 19th-century railroad that passes through the badlands of the Old West. As waves of new settlers flock to cyberspace in search for free information or commercial opportunity, they make easy marks for sharpers who play a keyboard as deftly as Billy the Kid ever drew a six-gun. It is difficult even for those who ply it every day to appreciate how much the Internet depends on collegial trust and mutual forbearance. The 30,000 interconnected computer networks and 2.5 million or more attached computers that make up the system swap gigabytes of information based on nothing more than a digital handshake with a stranger. Electronic impersonators can commit slander or solicit criminal acts in someone else's name; they can even masquerade as a trusted colleague to convince someone to reveal sensitive personal or business information. "It's like the Wild West", says Donn B. Parker of SRI: "No laws, rapid growth and enterprise - it's shoot first or be killed." To understand how the Internet, on which so many base their hopes for education, profit and international competitiveness, came to this pass, it can be instructive to look at the security record of other parts of the international communications infrastructure. The first, biggest error that designers seem to repeat is adoption of the "security through obscurity" strategy. Time and again, attempts to keep a system safe by keeping its vulnerabilities secret have failed. Consider, for example, the running war between AT&T and the phone phreaks. When hostilities began in the 1960s, phreaks could manipulate with relative ease the long-distance network in order to make unpaid telephone calls by playing certain tones into the receiver. One phreak, John Draper, was known as "Captain Crunch" for his discovery that a modified cereal-box whistle could make the 2,600-hertz tone required to unlock a trunk line. The next generation of security were the telephone credit cards. When the cards were first introduced, credit card consisted of a sequence of digits (usually area code, number and billing office code) followed by a "check digit" that depended on the other digits. Operators could easily perform the math to determine whether a particular credit-card number was valid. But also phreaks could easily figure out how to generate the proper check digit for any given telephone number. So in 1982 AT&T finally put in place a more robust method. The corporation assigned each card four check digits (the "PIN", or personal identification number) that could not be easily be computed from the other 10. A nationwide on- line database made the numbers available to operators so that they could

Functionalist and Interactionalist Perspective on Illegal Drugs Essay

Functionalist and Interactionalist Perspective on Illegal Drugs The war on drugs in our culture is a continuous action that is swiftly lessening our society. This has been going on for roughly 10-15 years and has yet to slow down in any way. Drugs continue to be a problem for the obvious reason that certain people abuse them in a way that can lead to ultimate harm on such a person. These drugs do not just consist of street drugs (marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy), but prescription medications as well. Although there are some instances where drugs are being used by subjects excessively, there has been medical research to prove that some of these drugs have made a successful impact on certain disorders and diseases. One of the most obvious reasons why drugs are still around is because it is such a profitable business. In our society, marijuana, cocaine, xanax, and ecstasy are convenient and readily available to purchase almost anywhere you go. Those who sell drugs can make anywhere from five hundred to three thousand dollars a day. This income is tax-free and requires little to no labor efforts whatsoever. Those involved in this lucrative trade are taking somewhat of a risk, but because dealing drugs is so common in our society the chances of getting caught aren’t as high as expected. Drug trafficking alone serves for about 40 percent of all organized crime activity with this number increasing everyday as drugs become more and more popular. With the economy being so bad most find it easy to turn to selling drugs as an acceptable mean of income. Although drugs are used in an illegal aspect for the most part, there are accounts of medical research to prove the positive effects on some patients with long-term diseas... ...f actual reality. They are no longer able to face day to day activities without having that drug in their life. Many factors contribute to the reasons why drug use still exists in America today. It provides needed job titles, it is an on going process for medical research, and acts as a contribution to help certain people in their own personal ways. Drugs have been around for nearly two decades and as the years progress, the war on drugs seems as if it has no intensions of slowing down. This problem will only continue to intensify in an inferior situation. In using both the functionalist and interactionist perspectives, several imperfections such as addiction and the fact that people use drugs in illegal ways are identified. Ultimately, it is only us as a society as a whole who can take the responsibility and can change this issue †¦ for better or for worse. Functionalist and Interactionalist Perspective on Illegal Drugs Essay Functionalist and Interactionalist Perspective on Illegal Drugs The war on drugs in our culture is a continuous action that is swiftly lessening our society. This has been going on for roughly 10-15 years and has yet to slow down in any way. Drugs continue to be a problem for the obvious reason that certain people abuse them in a way that can lead to ultimate harm on such a person. These drugs do not just consist of street drugs (marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy), but prescription medications as well. Although there are some instances where drugs are being used by subjects excessively, there has been medical research to prove that some of these drugs have made a successful impact on certain disorders and diseases. One of the most obvious reasons why drugs are still around is because it is such a profitable business. In our society, marijuana, cocaine, xanax, and ecstasy are convenient and readily available to purchase almost anywhere you go. Those who sell drugs can make anywhere from five hundred to three thousand dollars a day. This income is tax-free and requires little to no labor efforts whatsoever. Those involved in this lucrative trade are taking somewhat of a risk, but because dealing drugs is so common in our society the chances of getting caught aren’t as high as expected. Drug trafficking alone serves for about 40 percent of all organized crime activity with this number increasing everyday as drugs become more and more popular. With the economy being so bad most find it easy to turn to selling drugs as an acceptable mean of income. Although drugs are used in an illegal aspect for the most part, there are accounts of medical research to prove the positive effects on some patients with long-term diseas... ...f actual reality. They are no longer able to face day to day activities without having that drug in their life. Many factors contribute to the reasons why drug use still exists in America today. It provides needed job titles, it is an on going process for medical research, and acts as a contribution to help certain people in their own personal ways. Drugs have been around for nearly two decades and as the years progress, the war on drugs seems as if it has no intensions of slowing down. This problem will only continue to intensify in an inferior situation. In using both the functionalist and interactionist perspectives, several imperfections such as addiction and the fact that people use drugs in illegal ways are identified. Ultimately, it is only us as a society as a whole who can take the responsibility and can change this issue †¦ for better or for worse.

Hip Hop and the African American Dream Essay

Spoken-word music arrived in America for the first time with slave ships from West Africa.   Ethnomusicologists have traced the roots of hip hop to the dance, the drum, and the song of West African griots or storytellers.   The pairing of word and music is recognized as a portrayal of the painful journey of slaves who survived the passage.   In early America, the slaves drew on the common elements of African music with their ring shouts, their field hollers, as well as their spirituals.   Thus, Samuel A. Floyd, the director of the Center for Black Music Research at Columbia College in Chicago attests: â€Å"Speech-song has been part of the black culture for a long, long time† (McBride).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the summer of the year 1973, an African American teenager in one of the Bronx River Houses, stuck a speaker in his living room window, ran a wire to the turntable in another room, and set the housing project of three thousand folks alight with party music.   Thus, Bronx turned into a music magnet, and hip hop was given birth to.   This birth led to the creation of dance styles, and graffiti artists found a new job: to paint the word â€Å"I† loud and clear because hip hop is all about identity, that is, â€Å"I am the best† (McBride).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   James McBride notes: â€Å"Not since the advent of swing jazz in the 1930s has an American music exploded across the world with such overwhelming force.†Ã‚   As a matter of fact, hip hop is nowadays enjoyed by people from around the world, and by all races.   Still, the role of this music among the African Americans – the race through out of which emerge the best hip hop musicians – is crystal clear.   For African Americans, the music represents the good old dream to hit upon a pot of gold to millions of dollars.   Agonizing over how their parents slave many hours a day, young African Americans long to make it big in the hip hop business with fame and riches. Works Cited McBride, James. â€Å"Hip Hop Planet.† National Geographic, April 2007.

Freedom Writers Reflective

Freedom Writers Reflection The movie â€Å"Freedom Writers† has many differences and similarities between various cultures. In Mrs. G’s classroom there are several mixed cultures and gangs in the class. Each of the cultures sit with what is their culture and gang. None of the cultures communicate with each other but only talk about one another and how much they hate each culture that is not their own. Each individual in the classroom has to deal with his or her own problems outside of school and home.For example Ava has to deal with a shooting that happened at a gas station with her father. She knows that her dad and his gang did it but the cops think that another black man in the gas station did it. She has to go on trial and tell her story of what she saw. In the end she tells on her father and she almost dies because what she did was disrespectful to her and her fathers gang. Even though the gangs and cultures don’t see eye to eye in the movie they all have th ings in common.They are all in gangs, each have their own stories to tell, each deal with the shooting of others and their friends, each want to communicate to others, and each want to be respected. Not a single person believes in these students except Mrs. G and Ms. Gies. When the students get to meet Ms. Gies they each get to listen to her story and each of theme realize that they can communicate and get along with other cultures no matter skin color, gang member, or even past history. Each student wants to share this with other students and other cultures and Ms.Gies can see this and she knows that the students will eventually tell their story and reach out to others. That these students are heroes willing to step out of the comfort zone and go beyond others. That is why they are heroes in her eyes. On the other hand there is the department of chair and honors teacher whom doesn’t believe in these students. They don’t understand the different culture and gangs. They only believe in their culture. They think that each culture is the same and that is that each student is dumb and will end up dropping out of high school or be dead.They don’t think that these students are worth anything. The main person that does believe in theses students are Ms. G. she takes the time to understand each and every student’s culture and personalities. She doesn’t think that her culture is any better than any other culture. She believes in these students and pushes them to do their very best. She knows that they are smart and can do better than what others think. She teaches the students about the holocaust because it is similar to their real lives that they are living now.Each culture wants to take over the other and become the best. It is genocide to them. She gives them a book to read that is not their level but just because she knows that they are interested in learning about this past history and how it relates to them they read it and unde rstand it. Ms. G is an amazing teacher because she helped to change the student’s lives around. She saw the spark that they each had and she pushed them to reach out and speak out to other students and other cultures.She never gave up on the students but only believed in them. She helped get all their academic grades up, and most of all got the different cultures to communicate. She helped them to set the example for the future. This movie relates to real life. In the work field you will be working with many people from many different cultures. You cant be biased of any person cultures or not communicate with different cultures. Get to know the other person culture you may be surprised how much you have in common with that person and their culture.

Apple’s marketing relationship building with the target customers Essay

1. Introduction With the intensified competition and the rapid development of information technology, firms are facing unprecedented both opportunities and challenges in marketing. Marketing is a social platform to provide chances for individuals and groups to obtain what they need and want through exchanging various products with others (Kotler, 1974).In the contemporary society, people can not live without marketing with others which is much more important to firms. This report tends to evaluate how Apple-one of the most innovative and creative companies builds marketing relationships with its target customers through brand building. What is more, this report attaches much importance to customer profile which reveals some basic information about customers. This report is organized as follows. The first section is the introduction. The second part shows how Apple’s customer profile affects its brand building to have a closer marketing relationship with customers. The third one illustrates how Apple builds its brand and gradually builds the marketing relationship with customers through branding and customer profiles. From this part, it will be clearly clarified how Apple’s brand has amazing magic to attract so many fans. The last section is the conclusion. 2. Evaluation about customer profile of Apple According to Barron’s Marketing Dictionary, customer profile is the description of a customer group based on various demographic and psychographic characteristic. Apple collects customer profile through customers’ downloads in the app store. And these downloads are limited to Apple-buyers who have credentials. From these credentials, Apple can trace customers’ information thus finishing its profiles collecting. From Apple’s customer profile, it can be found that: ï  ¬Most Apple-users are young with professions and students take great part in the using of Apple products. A recent survey in 2008 based on the profile of iPhone users showed that most of the iPhone users are young and about 75% of iPhone users have used products of Apple before. (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). It can be found from the picture below which shows the age distribution of iPhone users that most iPhone-users are beyond 40 years old and half of iPhone users are under the age of thirty. Figure2-1: The age distribution of iPhone-user Besides Apple’s customer profiles show that most of (79%) Apple-users are employed and 16% of Apple-users are students. In general, iPhone users tend to adopt progress of new technology. The research found that most iPhone-users are in the position of professional and scientific services, arts and the information and technology industry (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). In addition, about 66% of households with Apple devices earn $60,000 or more in their income, compared with just over half of non-Apple users can earn that much (Apple profile report, 2008). In addition, from these two pictures below, it can be found that Apple users have obtained a higher educational level. From the Apple profile report 2008, it can be found that 68% have completed a 4-year university degree and even higher educational level like post-graduate degree or doctor degree. By comparison, only 45% of non-Apple households have reached this high educational level. It seems that Apple-users usually have higher educational level and higher incomes which help to afford them a higher disposable income, so that Apple’s high price not a barrier to them. (Apple profile report, 2008). In all, it can be concluded that Apple is favored by the economically elite. Figure 2-2: The working conditions of Apple-users Figure 2-3: The Educational level of Apple users Figure 2-4: The educational level of non-Apple users (Sources: The data comes from Apple profile report 2008) ï  ¬Apple-users take good advantage of internet. From the picture below, it can be found from the Apple profile report 2008 that 63% of Apple users spend more time using their computers to search the internet than watching TV. But only 57% of non-Apple users spend more time on computers than watching TV. While when comes to enjoying the fun on the internet, the difference between Apple users to non-Apple users is only slight. It has been found that there are almost 60% of Apple users keep discovering more ways to use the internet for fun and about 58% of the non-Apple users try to do that (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). Since Apple-users are usually with higher level of education and most of them are employed, it is not strange that they take good advantage of internet and they also know better to use their devices for a better life. But Apple users still do not have better ideas to enjoy the fun of internet with their innovative devices. It could be a challenge for Apple to come up with new ways of enjoying the fun of internet with Apple devices. Figure 2-6: Comparison of Apple-users to non-Apple users on time-spending with computer and TV (Sources: The data comes from Apple profile report 2008 ) ï  ¬Apple-users are loyal to Apple’s products. What is more, it has been found that about Apple-users are loyal to products of Apple. From a survey on whether customers who use iPhone now have any other Apple devices, it has found that 49% of iPhone-users have used iPod previously. 20% of iPhone-users have used Mac and iPod and only 5% iPhone-users have once used Mac but no iPod. Only 26% of iPhone users do not use iPod or Mac before. So from the survey, it can be found that about 3 quarters who use iPhone today once have used Apple devices previously. These findings show that Apple-users are loyal to Apple’s various kinds of products and customers are quite satisfied with products of Apple. Figure 2-5: Did you own an iPod before you got your iPhone? To conclude, Apple with its various kinds of fantastic and innovative products such as iTunes, iPod, iPad, iPhone attract young people and turn them to be loyal customers of Apple. These customers who have high income or high educational level help to make the brand of Apple to have high status in the markets. And these customers’ love of Apple not only maintains brand loyalty of Apple but also attracts more and more customers get in love with Apple. 3. Analysis of how Apple builds marketing relationship with customers 3.1 Apple’s brand building with branding Brand has many advantages which companies can take to get closer to customers for more sales including improved perceptions of product performance, greater customer loyalty and increased marketing communication effectiveness (Keller, 2009).It is well acknowledged that brand has vital importance to a company even to a product or one kind of service. Especially in this fast-changing world, products are getting to be more similar because of the fierce competition which makes brand to be the difference between various products. Brands help to build sustained relationship with the customers. Strong brands lend endurance and performance to an organization and protect it from the market turbulence and uncertainties (Kapoor & Kulshrestha, 2011). In addition, brand gives customers a sense of reliance even makes them feel a better quality of life. Brands make meanings that become conventionally understood and shared across interpretive communities. (Holt, 2010, McCracken, 1996, and Kats, 2006 etc). The brand concept of Apple is â€Å"think different† which has last for over 30 years. From the creative and innovative products like iPod, iPad and iPhone, Apple always brings customers surprise and defines how to â€Å"think different†. In addition, Apple pursues to build a humanistic corporate culture with a strong corporate atmosphere to inspire employees to work voluntarily which can leave good impression on customers (Kahney, 2012). The famous global brand consultancy Interbrand which aims at creating and managing brand value released â€Å"2012 Best Global Brands† list, Apple jumps into the ranking 2 in the world, and the brand value growth is 129%. The brand of Apple has been a miracle in the global world. How dose the brand of Apple grow so quickly in the contemporary society? The following part will investigate this problem. The first step of is to get the customers’ attention. The advertisement of Apple has always maintained surprise which arouse the attention of customers. Since Steve Jobs returned Apple, the first release of iMac, either the video or the outdoor propaganda is featured with characteristic of Apple which makes the brand of Apple unique. Al Ries and Jack Trout pointed out in the book of 《The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing》in 1994 that if an enterprise can not be the â€Å"first† in the consumers’ choices in the industry, then the best way is to create a new category to attract consumers. And the â€Å"opposite Law† pointed that to occupy the minds of consumers as the â€Å"second† best choices; the brand communication strategy is not to try to go beyond the â€Å"first†, but to be different. In the early eighties, Apple is trying to compete with the industry leader-IBM and then rapidly gain the attention of consumers. Through the long advertising campaign, such as â€Å"1984†³and â€Å"Think different†, Apple has built the spirit of innovation and fearless which brings the concept of the brand. Later with the promotion of iPhone and iPad, the advertisement of Apple started to focus on elite people. The people who use Apple’s products in the advertisement are usually well educated and pursue a higher quality of life. Through these advertisements, the brand of Apple has been positioned as elite and high quality of life. With customers’ attention, they are interested in the product of Apple and have the desire to buy the product. The productions of Apple’s products are tools for those who are ambitious and passionate to change the world. To conclude, through segmenting the targeting markets, Apple finds its own position and its target or potential customers. Products like iPhone, iPad, iMac are innovative and fashion which are favored by those who have high income with professions or those who are pursuing fashions. To them, Apple’s products are unique and innovative. By meeting customers’ demands and satisfying their psychological needs, Apple has built its branding and gradually makes the brand meaningful and attractive, thus making the brand o f Apple world-famous. 3.2 Building marketing relationship with branding and customer profile Marketing relationship is a process including identifying target or potential customers, establishing relationship with them, maintaining these customers and finally enhancing relationships with them (Gronroos, 1997). And in order to build marketing relationship with customers, it is of great importance to know better about customer relationship management. Customer relationship marketing is to maintain brand loyalty and stimulate repeat and even more purchases of customers (Murdy & Pike, 2012). Kumar (2010) pointed out that customer relationship management is the strategic process of targeting the important customers and provide them with well-considered services to shape the relationship between a company and these customers. The goal of the marketing relationship of customers is to optimize the interest of the customers and satisfy their needs. What is more, Taleghani, Vhirani and Mirrashed have mentioned in 2011 that the strategy of relationship marketing is based on creating, developing and maintaining relationships with customers. Through the brand building, Apple gradually establishes marketing relationship with customers. Customers start to pay attention to products of Apple and they are quite satisfied with these products. And with the brand being more meaningful and inspiring, customers are impressed with positive brand images of Apple. Gradually the brand of Apple has been identical for customers which help Apple to build the first step of marketing relationship with customers. And the second step for marketing relationship building is achieved by collecting customer profiles. Apple takes advantage of its customer profile to find their target customers, and to maintain brand loyalty. Through the information of customer profile, Apple knows exactly who bought their products, when did they buy the product and how many times did they buy the products. Depending on customer profiles it collects from these downloads of customers, Apple get a better understanding of its customers and can use these information to satisfy customers’ needs, thus maintaining brand loyalty and providing warm services according to customers’ needs. In all, the customer profile of Apple provides the knowledge needed to posit its target and potential customers and enable Apple to focus on marketing and branding efforts more effectively which finally help Apple to build marketing relationship with its customers. Thirdly, despite the innovative and amazing products of Apple, it also provides customers with the delicate services which help to enhance marketing relationship with customers. It has been said that Apple has five stages of service including approach, probe, present, listen and end. â€Å"Do not be manipulated by the machine but to manipulate machine yourself† is Apple’s customer-oriented concept to produce new products. In 2007, one month before the iPhone is officially on sale, Jobs asked developers to switch the phone’s plastic screen to tempered glass screen. This has solved the problem of the screen be scratched by keys. In addition, the Voiceover helps the blind to read texts and ever enter information. Apple always stands on the side of customers and think for them. These warm services and Apple’s caring about customers help Apple maintains brand loyalty of customers. By the three steps of establishing the brand of Apple, maintaining the loyalty of customers and enhancing connection between customers, Apple builds the marketing relationship with customers. Although Apple’s marketing strategies has been quite effective which make the brand of Apple known all around the world. While there still exists some problems in Apple’s marketing. First of all, Apple’s marketing is too dependent on the leadership of Jobs Steve. He gives the brand of Apple the name of fashion, innovation and esthetics. Depending on his public influence, many of his followers choose to buy the products of Apple. With the left of Jobs, the brand of Apple may face some challenges. Secondly, the price of Apple is too high among its competitors. Although most Apple’s customers are of high income or well educated, the high price of Apple also make Apple lose some customers since some other products can satisfy their needs with fair prices. Last but not least, Apple has a big competitor-Samsung. As a latecomer to the mobile phone industry, Samsung has defeated Motorolaï ¼Å'Nokia and other competitors to become the world’s second largest mobile phone maker. The competition between Apple and Samsung will challenge the brand value of Apple. 4. Conclusion To conclude, brand is of vital importance to a firm or an organization. A strong brand offers reliance for customers and thus becomes a link to maintain customers’ loyalty. Branding helps to make products different and can choose the target customers. Through branding, Apple builds the brand which establishes the first step of marketing relationship with customers. By collecting customer profiles, Apple knows better about its customers which help Apple to maintain brand loyalty of target customers. In addition, through the delicate services and innovative products, Apple enhances the marketing relationship with customers. In all, Apple builds the marketing relationship by three steps including establishing the brand of Apple, maintaining the loyalty of customers and enhancing connection between customers. Although Apple has successfully built its brand and has good relationship with customers, Apple still faces many challenges including the left of its famous leader, the high price of its products and the strong competitors. Reference Gronroos, Christian. (1997) ‘From marketing mix to relationship marketing-towards a paradigm shift in marketing’, Management Decision, 35/4, 322-339. Holt, D.B. & Cameron, D. (2010) Cultural Strategy: Using Innovative Ideologies to Build Breakthrough Brands, Oxford University Press. Kahney, Leander. (2012) ‘Apple: It’s All About the Brand’. [Online] Available at: http://www.wired.com/gadgets/mac/commentary/cultofmac/2002/12/56677 (Accessed: July 29, 2013) Kapoor, Avinash. & Kulshrestha, Chinmaya. (2011) Branding and sustainable competitive advantage: Building virtual presence. The United States of American: Business Science Reference. Kelle, K., L. (2009) ‘Building strong brands in a modern marketing communications environment’, Journal of Marketing Communications, 15:2-3, 139-155. Kotler, P. (1974) ‘Marketing during periods of shortage’, Journal of Marketing, 38(3), 20-29. Kumar,V.(2010).Customer Relationship Management. Published in Wiley International Encyclopedia of Marketing. Murdy, S. & Pike, S. (2012) ‘Perceptions of visitor relationship marketing opportunities by destination marketers: An importance-performance analyses, Tourism management, Volume 33, Issue 5. Reed, Brad. (2013) Apple is still the world’s most valuable brand. [Online] Available at: http://bgr.com/2013/05/21/apple-brand-value-analysis/ (Accessed: July 29, 2013) Ries, Al. & Trout, Jack. (1994) The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing, Harper Business press. Taleghan, M., Chirani, Ebrahim. & Mirrashed, A. S. (2011) ‘A conceptuality approach to relationship marketing and customers loyalty to banks’, Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 1(11), pp2022-2025. Apple annual report 2008: Just how â€Å"different† and elite are Apple customers – socioeconomically, behaviorally, and attitudinally? (2008) Available at: http://technologyuser.com/2009/04/05/just-how-different-and-elite-are-apple-customers-socioeconomically-behaviorally-and-attitudinally/ (Accessed: July 29, 2013) The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry (2008) Available at: http://www.nilofermerchant.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/iPhone-survey-whitepaper-v2.pdf (Accessed: July 29, 2013)

Professional Solder

What does being a professional solder mean to me? Professionalism as a solider is exemplified by the constant display of knowledge of what it means to be a soldier and showing that in your everyday duty. As a professional solider you should constantly have situational awareness, knowing how to address your superior and subordinates, maintaining your military bearing and how to do your job efficiently are the cornerstones of being a true professional solider..For instincts being a professional solder means to serve our country from foren or domestic enemies so that all the people of the United States of America can live a happy and free lives . being part of that one percent that decided to join the armed services. Having young and older generations look up to you for being who you are. It also means living up to your seven key army values. Many people know what the words are and what they mean loyalty- Bear true faith and allegiance to the U. S. Constitution, the Army, your unit and other Soldiers, duty Fulfill your obligations.doing your duty means more than carrying out your assigned tasks; Duty means being able to accomplish tasks as part of a team, respect- Treat people as they should be treated. In the Soldier’s Code, we pledge to â€Å"treat others with dignity and respect while expecting others to do the same, selfless service-Put the welfare of the nation, the Army and your subordinates before your own. Selfless service is larger than just one person, honor-Live up to Army values, integrity-do what’s right, legally and morally.Integrity is a quality you develop by adhering to moral principles. It requires that you do and say nothing that deceives others, personal courage Face fear, danger or adversity (physical or moral). But how often do you see someone actually live up to them? Being a professional solder I have to live by them values on a everyday bases. As a professional solder you also need to live by the army creed, I am an American Soldier. I am a warrior and a member of a team. I serve the people of the United States, and live the Army Values.I will always place the mission first. I will never accept defeat. I will never quit. I will never leave a fallen comrade. I am disciplined, physically and mentally tough, trained and proficient in my warrior tasks and drills. I always maintain my arms, my equipment and myself. I am an expert and I am a professional. I stand ready to deploy, engage, and destroy, the enemies of the United States of America in close combat. I am a guardian of freedom and the American way of life. I am an American Soldier.The main thing we pull out of all that and keep to heart it the worrier ethos, I will always place the mission first. I will never accept defeat. I will never quit. I will never leave a fallen comrade. I the army we have a long and strong tradition of military structure that demands that those of lower ranks refer to their superiors in certain ways. If you do not know how to properly address superior officers, you can find yourself being reprimanded or, even worse, â€Å"smoked† (put through vigorous physical punishment).

My Investment Choices Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Investment Choices - Assignment Example Initial dollar estimates are encouraged; typically at this stage, however, they are not yet completely validated. On the basis of the strategic goals, it is necessary to consider three broad categories of potential integration (in the three central columns), and eventually, they place each major issue into one of these three categories, to reflect the level of integration required for obtaining optimized results (Camp, 2002). 2. It is possible to minimize "full integration" but accepts minimal integration. Selected corporate and staff functions will be merged and consolidated, primarily to achieve staffing synergies and cost-efficiencies. All strategic and day-to-day operating decisions will remain autonomous and decentralized, with agreed-upon requirements for reporting to the parent company (Reed-Lajoux and Elson 2000). Also, it is possible to minimize the integration of culture and organizational structure. Few initiatives or responses change the configurations or the environment of a company more visibly and dramatically than an acquisition does. 3. The main emotional and personal reasons to start a business is to obtain a high social position in society and respect. Many people start a venture in order to communicate with new people and self-actualize.

Project Management Institute's Project of the Year Award Essay

Project Management Institute's Project of the Year Award - Essay Example Project Management Institute’s Project of the Year Award 1. Summary of how the project manager or team exhibited exceptional and ethical project management practices. The official website of the Project Management Institute’s (PMI) Project of the Year (POY) Award reveals that the organization envisions recognizing and acknowledging the exemplary contribution of nominated project teams in terms of noteworthiness, relevance and adherence to specified standards of their respective projects. As explicitly indicated, â€Å"the PMI Project of the Year (POY) Award recognizes the accomplishments of a project and the involved project team for superior performance and execution of exemplary project management† (Project Management Institute, 2011). In this regard, the winner for 2010 POY Award was the National Ignition Facility Project was deemed to be â€Å"managed by Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (and) was the largest ever scientific construction project completed by the U.S. Department of Energy, resulting in the world's largest and most energetic laser system. The design and project commissioning were accomplished by a worldwide collaboration among governments, academia, and many industrial partners. It will serve a broad scientific community exploring new technologies in energy production and new frontiers in astrophysics, materials science, and nuclear science† (YouTube, 2010). The project team exhibited exceptional and ethical project management practice by complying and adhering to the foundation standards and consistent with the evaluation criteria, to wit: â€Å"(1) met or exceeded Owner/Client’s needs as evidenced by a letter from the Owner/Client; (2) met or improved on budget and schedule performance when compared with original established budget and schedule goals; (3) demonstrated originality and uniqueness of applied project management techniques, including innovative application of practices/methods; (4) exhibited techn ical aspects and advancement of the project management profession through effective application of the nine PMBOK ® Knowledge Areas: (5) demonstrated complexity and challenges of the project and unusual conditions, issues, and barriers requiring special management team action and performance; and (6) identified Risks and established plans to overcome them† (PMI, 2010). In this regard, the National Ignition Facility Project envisioned focusing on nuclear fusion that is harnessed to create limitless and carbon free energy. The project was reported to help scientists create nuclear fusion in the laboratory setting. Accordingly, through collaborative efforts of government, academia and industry, the project was revealed to have been instrumental in fuelling innovation that enabled the establishment of the largest and highest energy laser and the largest optical instrument ever. 2. Discuss the role of the project manager or team, the organizational setting, the recipient’s approach to project integration management, and obstacles that had the potential of adversely impacting the triple constraint. The project manager, the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in joint efforts and collaboration with the Department of Energy, was reported to have been instrumental in the â€Å"design through commissioning (that) was accomplished by a worldwide collaboration among governments, academia, and many industrial partners. NIF provides an experimental platform for accessing

Event Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Event Management - Essay Example A. Evaluate the current level of understanding of Events Impact and Events Stakeholder Management and how it integrates into the events management process (EMP). Table of Contents Introduction 3 Event Impacts 3 Significance of Culture and Time in Mega Events 7 Event Stakeholder Management 8 Event Management Process 9 Conclusion 12 References 13 Introduction Event management is fundamentally described as the appliance of a significant tool i.e. project management towards the generation and advancement of various types of festivals, conferences as well as events. The study related to event management comprises different valuable aspects that include determining the intricacies of a brand, assessing the target audience, pointing out the concept of the event, planning for logistics as well as coordinating various technical aspects prior to the launch of any event. An event manager has a greater role to play in the context of any major event. It becomes significant for the event manager t o consider the influences of an event all through implementing an effective planning process. Event impacts also capture the minds of the organisational members along with the policy makers for evaluating public expenditure on events and to assess any negative externalities (Damster & Tassiopoulos, 2006). This discussion intends to evaluate the current understanding level of events impact and events stakeholder management and how it integrates into the events management process (EMP). Event Impacts The study related to event impacts have been arrived by the requirement to test the positive as well as negative influences of holding an event for the purpose of justifying public spending on events (Faulkner & et. Al., 2003). The positive as well as negative influences can be observed at the time of conducting an event. The impact of event might be felt by numerous stakeholders along with the participants, local businesses as well as host community. There are different ways in which the event is likely to impact. The various areas upon which event are likely to impact include physical infrastructure, environmental, economic as well as tourism impacts, image enhancements and urban renewal. The inspirational power of any sporting event which further tends to be stimulated by media reach recommends the fact that they can be a useful tool in developing the interests of the people towards involvement in sports. It can be affirmed that the perception of an organiser relating to the socio-economic impacts of the festivals along with other special events tends to possess four main domains such as economic benefits, community cohesiveness, social incentives as well as social costs (Gursoy & et. al., 2004). It can be revealed that the positive inflows of revenues into the country cannot be considered as the only factor towards recognising the success of an event. The negative social influence related to an event can lead to greater damages to the future of an event and the ecological influence might also lead towards premature death of any poorly administered event (Janeczko & et. Al., 2010). It can be identified that an event tends to initiate seasonality of tourism in a particular region. It also assists in evenly distributing the flow of money into a region, escalating the scope for full-time employment. The factors that may lead towards successful event might comprise several imperative factors such as escalating visitors’

Reaction to The Moral Instinct by Steven Pinker Essay

Reaction to The Moral Instinct by Steven Pinker - Essay Example This is what Steven Pinker tries to stress in his write-up in the New York Times(January 13, 2008) titled â€Å"The Moral Instinct† with more examples and theories. He in fact favors Borlaug and Bill Gates over Mother Teresa in the choice of admiration and philanthropy. Borlough brought about the Green Revolution which still feeds millions of hungry mouths and Bill Gates aids missions to fight fatal diseases of the developed world. Pinker also contends that while Mother Teresa was backed by hefty donations from all quarters the other two were self motivated individuals expending their own time and effort in the up-liftment of humanity. Pinter is critical of the entire question of morality and claims it to be passed on from one generation to the next and accepted without question because we were taught that way! He cites three predicaments where the choice is between morality and discretion. We discussed the first one at the beginning of this essay. The second example is about the American flag being cut and used to clean the bathroom. No individual with moralistic mindset would ever think of doing such a thing but come to think of from a rational point of view.

The Abercrombie and Fitch and Burberry Australia Assignment

The Abercrombie and Fitch and Burberry Australia - Assignment Example The paper "The Abercrombie and Fitch and Burberry Australia" talks about fashion retail marketing. The globalization of modern business has necessitated the use of different modes of retail marketing, with retailers exploiting any available opportunity. Currently, the internet is robust with fashion items being advertised by different companies. It is due to these developments that this paper sought to look at two leading fashion companies that operate retail outlet stores in Australia, Burberry and Abercrombie and Fitch. This paper is generally concerned with how the retail outlets of these two companies have strategized themselves to reach their customers. The fashion industry is a very dynamic industry, due to the many changes that keep taking shape in the business. The uniqueness of this business form other businesses is the fact that the manufacturers of fashion items, inclusive of clothing and other items of fashion is the common ideology of change. Contrary to the traditional perception of the fashion design as a means of fulfilling needs, the modern perception is different, with its intention purpose being lined in conception, production, promotion and the marketing styles in the basis of the customer’s desires. While people’s tastes keep on changing over and over, the manufacturers keep on inventing new fashions with time. With the changes, old fashion items become obsolete and cannot be. Fashion is defined by the key players who are involved in it. The interwoven web of the individuals .who are part of the industry including designers, stores, factory workers, seamstresses, tailors, embroiders of garments, the press for publicity, fashion analysts and critics, the various models involve in showcasing the garments such as fit models and runaway models, textile manufacturers, pattern makers and sketch makers, and most importantly the customers. The changing tastes and customer wants are what determine the fissionability of the fashion indu stry. Customers’ wants change by virtue of their attire, or through the icons’ standards. It is with this knowledge that anybody who considers investing in the fashion industry ought to be ready for the dynamics in the market. Losses are inherent and more probable if a retailer do not understand the exact needs of customers, while keeping an eye on the changing market trends in the fashion designs. This paper looks at the two major fashion retail outlets in Australia, the Abercrombie and Fitch Australia and Burberry. The Abercrombie and Fitch Australia Men and women love fashion, and especially the Abercrombie and Fitch garments. â€Å"Abercrombie and Fitch† (2012) observes that the young and the youth are willing to spend any amount of money just to expand their collection of the Abercrombie and Fitch. Fashion is classified in terms of class, with the high class setting standards and assuming iconic status in the society, and this is exactly what the company do es to its customers. It elevates the customers’

Project Innovation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Project Innovation Management - Essay Example today; and the advertising channels; it has become difficult for the companies to maintain a name and to sustain it; years of services and good image can be ruined in days. That is why it is very important for the companies to have good and developed research and development department that are constantly not only providing them with innovative idea; but at the same time also helping them to carter to different regions separately. This research is also a study of two same products produced by two different, famous companies. It focus on what were the strategies adopted by the two companies to make the product; how have the worked towards making it different and what are the factors that led one of the product to capture a bigger market share than the other. In our study we are going to focus on Blu-Ray technology that was introduced by Sony and HD DVD that was introduced by Toshiba. We shall focus the differentiating factors; what was the market research and how were the products developed. Sony is one of the oldest and finest company that was introduced to the world in 1946, the core ideas behind Sony belongs to two very component individuals Mr. Masaru Ibuka and Mr. Akio Morita; the two fine men started the company with only 20 men to their service. Initially the name of the company was Totsuko (Tokyo Telecommunication Engineering Cooperation) with the core objective of providing the services of repairing and building electrical goods. The name was later changed to Sony in 1955; the name was originally a sign to represent two aspects of the society that you â€Å"sound† and â€Å"youth†, the sound part is derived from the word ‘sonus’ and the youth is derived from a slang ‘sonny boy’. The reason of changing the name from Totsuko to Sony was to reflect the spirit and true colors of the company (Trex, 2009). To make it easier for the customers to read, say and relate. Sony was the perfect match. Over the years the company has developed products such as

Process Architectural Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Process Architectural Design - Essay Example The essay discusses that the fire and security monitoring system is meant to manage, and to monitor the fire security alarms in a building. In order to best understand how this system works, it is only prudent to define its design both in terms of the software and the hardware components that it is made up of; we have to know how the systems components relate to each other and functions of every component involved in the working of the whole system that is controlled from the central point of security monitoring. When designing the system, we assumed that the system acts in real time and does not respond on false alarms. A large building requires an automated alarm system to monitor and control all fire and security alarms within the building. The building is sub-divided into zones, and a given number of alarms are associated with each zone. Alert for a central manned control area is provided by the alarm. This centre may may respond personally or pass these on to the emergency servi ces. Automated alarm system helps recognizing the risk and allows quick response. Fire and security alarm systems are often active to ensure that whenever there is a fire, the presence of the fire is immediately established and reported through the interactions of the software and hardware components of the whole system. The software components of the system work to manage the various different hardware components, which are associated with the alarm, which is installed to notify the necessary authorities to go to the attention of the fire and put it off. In modern equipped facilities, and in modern buildings, fire alarm and security systems are always associated with the whole security systems of the buildings. These systems work in tandem with them most of the time (Robinson 2009). This interaction is necessary to ensure that catastrophes do not happen; or in any case, they do happen, they can be attended to in due time. When a fire starts in such a building, one of the hardware c omponents detects it through one way or another as will be discussed later on in this document. The component coordinates with another component in the system to notify or to activate something or an action of the surveillance system and even the security system. In a typical fire and security alarm system, components are installed in such a way that they are according to the specifications of the devices and make it easy to access them when the need arises (Robinson 2009). The hardware components that have to be in a fire alarm and security system include: 1. The control system – this is the central component of the entire fire alarm system. It is known as the fire alarm central. This component allows for the precise programming of the manner in which the other individual components behave, hence the behavior of the entire system can also be programmed. This makes sure that notification come in at the precise time and accurately as possible in case of an event. The fire alar m central has points of input; with which it receives signals from the devices that initiate notifications, as well as points of exit; that it uses to activate alarm systems. 2. The initiating and the alarm devices – the initiating devices can be automatic as smoke/fire detectors or can alternatively be manually actuated to notify the central. 3. The power supply and the cabling – it is critical to have a very reliable power supply for a fire and security system so that it remains on at all times. Power back up systems must be installed just in case the main power systems fail. The signal cables are the ones that make the connection and links between each and